Datacenters-precision air conditioning

Air conditioning is one of the essential infrastructures for the operation of Information Technology equipment: processing and storage devices produce heat which has to be removed to maintain optimal operating conditions. Increasing use of IT technologies in every activity has made the continuity of service imperative, often spoken of as "Mission Critical" applications. The high power installed, up to 2 kW/m2, also requires the development of "Energy Saving" solutions. For the proper functioning of IT equipment, the inlet air must be at a controlled temperature (typically between 22 and 27°C) so that the fans of the devices can cool the chips inside. Moisture is also frequently controlled, since values that are too low increase the probability of electrostatic discharge while any excessive values accelerate corrosion or slow down the performance of some equipment.
The technological solution most widely used today is the so called Computer Room Air Conditioner (CRAC) or Close Control Units (CCU) which, installed on the perimeter, provide for cooling the air in the room and any humidification or dehumidification to maintain the set point; these air conditioners are equipped with fans, cooling coils, with direct expansion or chilled water, and often heater humidifiers to correct the temperature if it reaches a minimum limit.
The continuous development of technology and the constant search for energy savings are reflected in an evolution of air-conditioning solutions: from monitoring the distribution of the air to the development of air conditioners placed near heat sources, using motors with permanent magnets for high efficiency, the use of Air Handling Units for free-cooling, where possible and by lowering the temperature with adiabatic humidifiers (Evaporative Cooling). Such a wide variety of configurations requires flexible control solutions, based on scalable, programmable controllers and equipped with a full range of accessories such as displays, sensors and communication modules, integrated in a system that includes high-efficiency devices such as the electronic expansion valve and drivers for brushless variable RPM compressors.

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